![]() Let’s look at some basic transistor circuits to understand how amplification and switching occurs. ![]() The switching and amplification modes are achieved by providing the right base, collector, and emitter voltages. The collector-emitter current, I CE, is controlled through the base voltage.Transistors 101: A Detailed Introduction on Transistors.I believe I understand transistor saturation, but whats the difference between Collector-Emitter Saturation and Base-Emitter Saturation? Touch the negative probe to the pin-1 (Emitter).Īs you can see on the datasheet below for the 2n2222a NPN transistor, the "Collector-Emitter Saturation Voltage" and "Base-Emitter Saturation Voltage" are defined respectively as 0.3 to 1.0 and 1.2 to 2.0. Keep the positive probe to the center pin (Base) of the transistor. Steps to identify the NPN type transistor: Keep the Multimeter in the Diode mode. Typically, the emitter region is heavily doped compared to the other two layers, and the collector is doped more lightly than the base (collector doping is typically ten times lighter than base doping). A discrete transistor has three leads for connection to these regions. The regions of a BJT are called emitter, base, and collector. However, when we connect the transistor to any circuit we require four (4) terminals, two for input and two for output, to do that we make one terminal common to both input and output circuit. ![]()
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